The TIP122 is a Darlington pair NPN transistor. It functions like a normal NPN transistor, but since it has a Darlington pair inside it has a good collector current rating of about 5A and a gain of about 1000. It can also withstand about 100V across its collector- Emitter hence can be used to drive heavy loads.
This transistor is known for its high current gain (hfe = 1000) and high collector current (IC =5A) hence it is normally used to control loads with high current or in applications where high amplification is required. This transistor has a low Base-Emitter Voltage of the only 5V hence can be easily controlled by a Logic device like microcontrollers. Although care has to be taken to check if the logic device can source up to 120mA.
Pin Configuration
| Pin Number | Pin Name | Description |
| 1 | Base | Controls the biasing of transistor, Used to turn ON or OFF the transistor |
| 2 | Collector | Current flows in through collector, normally connected to load |
| 3 | Emitter | Current Drains out through emitter, normally connected to ground |
Applications
- Can be used to switch high current (upto 5A) loads
- Can be used as medium Power switches
- Used where high amplification is needed
- Speed control of Motors
- Inverter and other rectifier circuits
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Technical Specifications
Weight 5 g Dimensions 7 × 5 × 3 mm High DC Current Gain (hFE) Typically 1000 Continuous Collector current (IC) 5A Collector-Emitter voltage (VCE) 100 V Collector-Base voltage (VCB) 100V Emitter Base Voltage (VBE) 5V Base Current(IB) 120mA
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