5v Stepper Motor 28BYJ-48

The 28BYJ-48 5V stepper motor is a widely-used motor for various small-scale projects due to its affordability and ease of use. Here’s an in-depth look at its features and applications:

Technical Specifications
Rated Voltage: 5V DC

Step Angle: 5.625° per step (64 steps per full rotation)

Reduction Ratio: 64:1 (which means the output shaft rotates once for every 64 steps of the internal rotor)

Torque: Approximately 34.3 mN.m (300 gf.cm)

Speed: Around 15 RPM at 120Hz

Coil Configuration: Unipolar 5-lead coil

Insulation Resistance: > 600Hz

DC Resistance: 50Ω ±7% (at 25°C)

Pull-in Torque: 600-1200 gf.cm

Self-positioning Torque: 300 gf.cm

Friction Torque: 34.3 mN.m (at 120Hz)

Insulation Grade: A

Rise in Temperature: < 40K (at 120Hz)

Noise Level: < 35dB (at 120Hz, no load, 10cm)

Pin Configuration:
Orange: Coil 1

Pink: Coil 2

Yellow: Coil 3

Blue: Coil 4

Red: +5V Power Supply

Applications
The 28BYJ-48 stepper motor is perfect for:

Robotics: Small robots and automated systems.

Home Appliances: Vending machines, DVD drives, and air conditioning units.

Security Systems: CCTV cameras and motion control systems.

Educational Kits: Great for learning about stepper motors and control systems in schools and hobbyist projects.

Control Mechanism:
To control this motor, a driver circuit like the ULN2003 is typically used. The motor operates in a unipolar configuration, meaning each coil is energized by applying +5V to one end and grounding the other end in a specific sequence. This sequence is controlled by the driver, which is usually connected to a microcontroller such as an Arduino.

How It Works
The motor consists of a rotor and a series of coils.

When a coil is energized, it creates a magnetic field that interacts with the rotor, causing it to move.

By energizing the coils in a specific sequence, the rotor can be made to rotate in precise increments.